Top Oil Producing Countries
The United States is the world's largest oil producer, with 23.6 million barrels per day (b/d) of total liquids in 2025, followed by Saudi Arabia (11.2 million b/d) and Russia (10.5 million b/d), according to the EIA. These three supply about 43% of the world's oil. The next tier, Canada, China, Iran, Brazil, Iraq and the UAE, each produces 4–6 million b/d.
Oil production by country: 2025 ranking
| Rank | Country | Total liquids 2025 | Share of world | Crude & condensate 2025 | Total liquids 2024 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | United States | 23,612 | 22.2% | 13,586 | 22,844 |
| 2 | Saudi Arabia | 11,214 | 10.6% | 9,556 | 10,872 |
| 3 | Russia | 10,535 | 9.9% | 9,885 | 10,533 |
| 4 | Canada | 6,257 | 5.9% | 4,964 | 5,997 |
| 5 | China | 5,446 | 5.1% | 4,325 | 5,334 |
| 6 | Iran | 4,769 | 4.5% | 4,051 | 4,627 |
| 7 | Brazil | 4,655 | 4.4% | 3,769 | 4,277 |
| 8 | Iraq | 4,500 | 4.2% | 4,388 | 4,568 |
| 9 | UAE | 4,339 | 4.1% | 3,771 | 4,243 |
| 10 | Kuwait | 2,805 | 2.6% | 2,584 | 2,771 |
| 11 | Kazakhstan | 2,150 | 2.0% | 2,047 | 1,903 |
| 12 | Norway | 2,052 | 1.9% | 1,859 | 2,007 |
| 13 | Qatar | 1,878 | 1.8% | − | 1,852 |
| 14 | Mexico | 1,869 | 1.8% | − | 2,011 |
| 15 | Nigeria | 1,675 | 1.6% | 1,605 | 1,563 |
| World | 106,174 | 100% | 84,383 | 103,133 |
Source: EIA International Energy Statistics (bulk dataset dated 3 October 2026; production series updated 2 June 2026). "Total liquids" = crude oil, lease condensate, natural gas plant liquids, biofuels and refinery processing gain. Shares are of world total liquids. A dash means not shown. Other countries with dedicated pages: Venezuela (1,012 kb/d total liquids in 2025), India (990), Guyana (747).
Why the rankings differ between sources
Rankings depend on what is counted. On total liquids, the US leads by a wide margin because it produces large volumes of natural gas liquids from shale and ethanol from corn. On crude and condensate only, the US still leads with 13.6 million b/d, but Russia (9.9 million b/d) edges ahead of Saudi Arabia (9.6 million b/d) in 2025, because Saudi output was held down by OPEC+ cuts. Energy Institute, OPEC and IEA figures also differ slightly in method. Always check the year and the measure.
Production also changed sharply in 2026. The Iran war that began on 28 February disrupted the Strait of Hormuz, and the EIA estimates Middle East shut-ins still averaged 4.8 million b/d in September 2026. Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Iran and the UAE all produced well below their 2025 levels for much of the year, while the US, Canada, Brazil and Guyana kept growing. The EIA's October 2026 outlook projects OPEC liquids output of 23.9 million b/d in 2026, down from 29.3 million b/d in 2025.
Proven oil reserves by country
| Country | Proven reserves | Note |
|---|---|---|
| Venezuela | 303.2 | Mostly extra-heavy Orinoco Belt crude |
| Saudi Arabia | 267.2 | Largest conventional reserves |
| Iran | 208.6 | Output limited by sanctions |
| Canada | 171.0 | 97% oil sands (Natural Resources Canada) |
| Iraq | 145.0 | Mainly southern fields near Basra |
| UAE | 113.0 | Mainly Abu Dhabi |
| Kuwait | 101.5 | Includes half of the Neutral Zone |
| Russia | 80.0 | OPEC figure; other estimates are higher |
| Libya | 48.4 | |
| United States | 45.0 | OPEC figure; reserves grow with shale drilling |
| Nigeria | 37.3 | |
| Kazakhstan | 30.0 |
Source: OPEC Annual Statistical Bulletin 2025 (data for end-2024), except Canada (Natural Resources Canada; OPEC's Canada figure excludes oil sands). Reserve estimates are reported by governments and are not independently audited.
OPEC, OPEC+ and everyone else
Since the UAE left on 1 May 2026, OPEC has 11 members: Algeria, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Angola left at the start of 2024. In the wider OPEC+ alliance, Russia, Kazakhstan, Oman and others coordinate output with OPEC. The EIA estimates that OPEC including the UAE produced 35% of world crude in 2025, and OPEC+ about 46%; without the UAE those shares would have been 31% and 42%.
Producers outside the alliance, led by the US, Canada, Brazil, Norway and Guyana, set output by company decisions and markets rather than quotas. Their growth was the main reason prices eased in 2023–2025, as our oil price history shows. For how producer decisions feed into prices, see what moves oil prices, and for the grades each country sells, see the crude oil benchmarks guide.
Largest consumers
Production rankings tell only half the story. The US consumed about 20.5 million b/d in 2024, China 16.4 million b/d and India 5.6 million b/d, according to the EIA. China is the largest crude importer, and India is the third-largest consumer and depends on imports for most of its crude. Their buying decisions, along with US output, shape the Brent price as much as any producer.
Country profiles
United States
Record shale output, crude exports since 2015 and the Strategic Petroleum Reserve.
Saudi Arabia
Aramco, spare capacity, monthly OSPs and leadership of OPEC+.
Russia
Urals and ESPO, the price cap, the shadow fleet and the pivot to Asia.
Canada
Oil sands, WCS pricing, Trans Mountain and exports to the US.
Iraq
Basrah grades, southern terminals, the Kurdistan pipeline and the 2026 export collapse.
United Arab Emirates
ADNOC capacity, Murban futures, Fujairah and the 2026 exit from OPEC.
Iran
Sanctions, Kharg Island, sales to China and the 2026 blockade.
China
Record crude imports, domestic output, stockpiles and teapot refiners.
India
Import dependence, Russian barrels, top suppliers and refining.
Brazil
Pre-salt fields, Petrobras and fast-growing exports.
Kuwait
Kuwait Export Crude, capacity plans and its role in OPEC+.
Norway
North Sea output, Johan Sverdrup and the oil fund.
Venezuela
The largest proven reserves, PDVSA and US sanctions.
Nigeria
Bonny Light, outages and theft, and the Dangote refinery.
Guyana
The Stabroek block and one of the fastest production booms on record.
Kazakhstan
Tengiz, Kashagan, the CPC pipeline and OPEC+ overproduction.
Oil producing countries FAQ
Which country produces the most oil?
The United States. It produced 23.6 million barrels per day of total petroleum liquids in 2025, about 22% of the world total, according to the EIA. Counting crude and condensate only, US output was 13.6 million b/d, still well ahead of Russia and Saudi Arabia at about 9.6–9.9 million b/d each.
What are the top 5 oil producing countries?
In 2025 the top five by total liquids were the United States (23.6 million b/d), Saudi Arabia (11.2 million b/d), Russia (10.5 million b/d), Canada (6.3 million b/d) and China (5.4 million b/d), according to EIA international data. Together they produced more than half of the world's oil.
Which country has the largest oil reserves?
Venezuela, with 303.2 billion barrels of proven reserves at the end of 2024, according to OPEC's Annual Statistical Bulletin. Saudi Arabia is second with 267.2 billion barrels and Iran third with 208.6 billion. Canada's 171 billion barrels are mostly oil sands bitumen.
Which country exports the most oil?
Saudi Arabia has long been the largest crude exporter, followed by Russia, the United States, Canada and Iraq. The US exported a record 4.09 million b/d of crude in 2024, according to the EIA. In 2026 Gulf exports fell sharply because the Iran war disrupted the Strait of Hormuz.
How many countries are in OPEC?
OPEC has 11 members since the United Arab Emirates left on 1 May 2026: Algeria, Congo, Equatorial Guinea, Gabon, Iran, Iraq, Kuwait, Libya, Nigeria, Saudi Arabia and Venezuela. Russia, Kazakhstan, Oman and several other producers coordinate with OPEC as part of OPEC+.
Related pages
OPEC+
What OPEC+ is, its member countries, how production quotas and voluntary cuts work, compliance, spare capacity and the alliance's effect on oil prices.
Strait of Hormuz
Why the Strait of Hormuz matters for oil: daily flows, the countries exposed, bypass pipelines, and how disruption threats move Brent prices.
What Moves Oil Prices
What moves oil prices: OPEC+, inventories, demand, spare capacity, geopolitics, the dollar, rates, speculation and the futures curve.
Crude Oil Benchmarks
Guide to the world's crude oil benchmarks: Brent, WTI, Dubai/Oman, Murban, OPEC basket, Urals and WCS, how each is priced and where it is used.